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Novel study on sleep finds unexpected connections between the mind and the gut

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Novel study on sleep finds unexpected connections between the mind and the gut

Graphical abstract. Credit rating: Cell (2023). DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.02.022

Sleep is even handed one of essentially the most fundamental human activities—so crucial, truly, that if we don’t rep ample sleep for even one night, we would also merely fight to mediate, react, and otherwise bear it throughout the day. But, despite its significance for characteristic and survival, scientists still don’t fully realize how sleep works.

Enter Dragana Rogulja, a neurobiologist on a quest to resolve the elemental biology of sleep.

As a self-described latecomer to science, Rogulja stumbled on herself drawn to questions she considers “broadly consuming and easy to possess on a frequent human diploma.”

One amongst these questions…What happens when we sleep?

For Rogulja, an affiliate professor of neurobiology in the Blavatnik Institute at Harvard Clinical Faculty, an sharp facet of sleep is the loss of consciousness and awareness it brings, as the exterior world disappears and the internal world takes over.

In a conversation with Harvard Medication Records, Rogulja delved into the particulars of her sleep study, which uses and mice to uncover why we must sleep and how we disconnect from the sphere throughout sleep.

What are you learning in the context of sleep?

There are two predominant questions that my lab has been pursuing for the past several years. The first is why sleep is serious for survival. Why is it that must you do now not sleep, you are going to literally die after no longer too long? The diversified inquire is how your disconnects from the ambiance whilst you nod off. How are stimuli refrained from from reaching your mind throughout sleep? Elevating the threshold for sensory arousal is crucial for sleep, and we would like to possess how that barrier is constructed in each place in the mind. Sleep is one unified notify, however it appears to bear a pair of plan which are regulated through separate mechanisms. We would like to possess these mechanisms.

How has your study changed the vogue you mediate about sleep?

For a extremely very long time, scientists bear been guided by the concept that sleep is of the mind, by the mind, and for the mind. Which skill that, study has largely serious in regards to the mind when it involves buying for the clarification why sleep is serious for survival. On the other hand, we are surely realizing that while sleep would perchance be for the mind, it is now not any longer factual for the mind. Sleep is a immense worn behavior that we mediate originated in the earliest animals. These animals had no mind; they finest had a reasonably straightforward nervous system.

Then, as animals change into extra advanced, these mind-connected positive factors of sleep evolved. On the other hand, researchers bear regarded at the brains of sleep-deprived animals to examine out to uncover a the clarification why they die, and they haven’t stumbled on the relaxation. On the diversified hand, clinical recordsdata expose that in folks ends in all forms of ailments in the physique. To us, this truly suggested that sleep is about better than factual the mind.

Our study tells us that we must cease interested by the mind individually from the physique when it involves sleep. I’m still disquieted by the diploma to which neuroscientists are inclined to mediate of the mind as having superiority over the physique and being at the pause of a hierarchy. To solve the greatest mysteries in neuroscience, we must steal a extra integrated blueprint, which is what my lab is making an strive to make for sleep. We bear stumbled on that we surely must mediate of the total physique to possess sleep. And it is miles excellent. Whenever you happen to head to sleep, your muscle groups relax, your circulation changes. Obviously, it is in regards to the total physique.

What tools make you utilize to see sleep?

Traditionally, reasonably a pair of sleep study has been accomplished on folks, however these experiments are inclined to be restricted and descriptive, attributable to it is probably going you’ll presumably presumably also’t truly make experimentation on folks. On the other hand, over the last two and a half decades, scientists bear reach to possess that fruit flies sleep; and additional these days, we realized that the genes that preserve watch over sleep in flies are conserved in mice. After I started my lab, we had been finest the employ of fruit flies as a mannequin system to see sleep, however we bear since been in a location to identify a mouse mannequin as smartly. Fruit flies enable us to examine reasonably a pair of hypotheses hasty and make substantial, fair genetic shows, and then we can test what we uncover out in flies in mice, which, as mammals, are extra equivalent to folks.

For your 2020 Cell paper, you tackled the inquire of why sleep is serious for survival. What’s the answer?

We stumbled on that fruit flies who slept less had shorter lifespans: We saw a correlation the attach the extra sleep the flies misplaced, the sooner they died. Curiously, the mode of sleep deprivation did no longer matter. What mattered became once the amount of sleep misplaced. There gave the affect to be an inflection point the attach sleep loss became once associated with loss of life, which informed us that there might presumably also very smartly be something particular happening in the physique as in opposition to frequent wear and creep.

To investigate this extra, we stained diversified organs in sleep-deprived flies with markers of cell injury. We stumbled on that in the gut, there became once an bear bigger in oxidizing molecules, and the height of oxidation correlated with the inflection point the attach the flies began to die. We confirmed this finding in sleep-deprived mice. However when we gave sleep-deprived flies antioxidants or turned on antioxidant-producing genes in the gut, we stumbled on the flies might presumably also continue to exist on exiguous or no sleep, suggesting that the gut is a truly fundamental purpose of sleep.

An that the Rogulja lab uses to video show the order and smartly being of fruit flies. The flies are separated into particular person tubes, and their movements are captured by infrared beams. In a 2020 see, the researchers stumbled on that the extra sleep flies misplaced, the shorter their lifespans change into. Image: Rogulja lab.

Are there any likely positive factors for folks?

Our findings counsel that if we can cease oxidation in the gut, we would also very smartly be in a location to counteract the cease of dropping sleep. This is serious attributable to reasonably a pair of ailments are tied to gut dysfunction, and lots ailments that arise whilst you do now not sleep ample might presumably also merely surely be a consequence of gut injury. We’re now starting to mediate of techniques to diagnose gut oxidation for this reason of lack of sleep in folks. We would like to bear “swallowables”—pills or capsules it is probably going you’ll presumably presumably also swallow that sage the oxidative notify of your gut by, shall we inform, altering the color of your feces.

We’re moreover buying for biomarkers: molecules already circulating in the physique that existing lack of sleep and gut oxidation. I truly bear physicians in my lab who’re profiling sleep-deprived mice to peruse for such biomarkers. We bear already purchased some molecules which are promising markers for oxidation and appear to decrease with antioxidant treatments. Finally, it can presumably be likely to bear supplements that can be taken orally to reverse gut oxidation for this reason of lack of sleep.

You factual printed a brand unusual paper in Cell that explores how the mind disconnects from the ambiance throughout sleep. Expose us extra.

Till now, we knew nearly nothing about this. It wasn’t determined if there’s a single region in the mind the attach all is attenuated throughout sleep, or if there are a pair of such locations. As an instance, are touch and temperature processed the equivalent manner throughout sleep? Iris Titos, a postdoctoral researcher in my lab, constructed a system that can ship light, medium, or high ranges of vibration to fruit flies. Generally, whilst you utilize low-intensity vibrations, completely a pair of flies wake up, and whilst you utilize high-intensity vibrations, nearly your total flies react. Then, we did a substantial-scale show cowl to identify genes that preserve a watch on how without pickle flies wake up—so genes that bear flies immense straightforward to wake up, and genes that enable flies to surely sleep through an earthquake.

What did the genetic show cowl expose?

The outcomes of the show cowl had been very consuming. We identified a gene that codes for a molecule called CCHa1. After we depleted CCHa1 in the flies, they wakened very without pickle—in voice any other of 20 percent waking up at a particular diploma of vibration, 90 percent wakened.

On the other hand, while CCHa1 is expose in each the nervous system and the gut, it became once finest when we depleted it in the gut that flies had been roused extra without pickle. The cells in the gut that bear CCHa1 are called enteroendocrine cells, and they surely portion many characteristics with neurons and might presumably even join and consult with neurons. These cells face the internal of the gut, and they make of “taste” the contents of the gut.

We stumbled on that the elevated focus of protein in the weight loss program, the extra CCHa1 these gut cells produced. This molecule then travels from the gut to the mind, the attach it signals to a exiguous neighborhood of dopaminergic neurons that moreover receive data about vibrations. These neurons bear dopamine, which in most cases promotes arousal, however on this case suppresses arousal. Vibrations weaken the order of the dopaminergic neurons, which causes the flies to wake up extra without pickle. CCHa1 produced by the gut surely buffers the dopaminergic neurons in opposition to vibrations, permitting the flies to put out of your mind the ambiance to a better diploma and sleep extra deeply.

We moreover stumbled on that the CCHa1 pathway, while serious for gating mechanosensory data, has no affect on how without pickle the flies wake up when uncovered to warmth, suggesting that diversified sensory modalities equivalent to vibration and temperature might even be gated independently. Finally, we confirmed that a elevated protein weight loss program moreover improved the usual of sleep in mice, making them extra resistant to mechanical disturbances. We’re surely making an strive out whether a an identical signaling pathway is serious about mice.

What make these findings bid you?

Smartly, everybody is conscious of from diversified study that after animals are ravenous, they suppress sleep in voice to forage. By distinction, after they’re satiated, and specifically after they’re satiated with proteins, they bear got an inclination to sleep extra. Now, we bear shown that after there’s extra protein in the weight loss program, animals moreover sleep extra deeply and develop to be less responsive. Which skill that if animals don’t must peruse for food, they’ll disconnect from the ambiance and cloak someplace to sleep, which would perchance presumably be safer. Extra broadly, our see implies that dietary decisions affect sleep quality. Now we can detect this connection in folks to possess how weight loss program would perchance be manipulated to strengthen sleep.

Is there the relaxation about sleep that you mediate folks on the total misunderstand?

One facet that I mediate folks desires to be responsive to is that how we feel and what’s happening on in our our bodies don’t must be the equivalent. In our study, we stumbled on that it is probably going to separate the feeling of sleepiness from the must sleep—some sleep-deprived animals didn’t necessarily feel sleepy, which we would also bid attributable to they didn’t sleep extra to rep up on sleep after the deprivation stopped, however these animals still died from the lack of sleep.

This kind that despite the indisputable truth that we can trick ourselves into no longer feeling sleepy, the lack of sleep still has unintended effects on our our bodies—shall we inform, must you steal a substance that makes you feel awake, the equivalent amount of oxidation is going to happen for your gut. Other folks might presumably also merely inform that they are OK with finest a pair of hours of sleep a night, however they factual indicate that they’ll bear it throughout the day. Their our bodies are still going to register the lack of sleep. We truly can not bid what’s happening in our our bodies attributable to sleep deprivation, and we seemingly need extra than we mediate we make.

Extra data:
Iris Titos et al, A gut-secreted peptide suppresses arousability from sleep, Cell (2023). DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.02.022

Journal data:
Cell



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How a Weekend Nap Might Boost Your Heart Health, New Research Reveals

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When a demanding week disrupts your regular sleep routine, catching up on sleep over the weekend often seems like a sensible remedy. However, new research suggests that this approach might offer more than just temporary relief—it could actually benefit your heart health. Set to be presented at the European Society of Cardiology’s annual congress on September 1, the study indicates that making up for lost sleep on weekends is linked to a significantly lower risk of developing heart disease.

This research, based on data from the UK Biobank study involving over 90,000 participants, reveals intriguing findings. Those who used weekends to compensate for lost sleep showed a 19% lower risk of heart disease compared to individuals who didn’t catch up as much. The benefit was notably greater for those who regularly faced inadequate sleep during the workweek. Over an average follow-up period of nearly 14 years, participants who averaged the most additional sleep on weekends were less likely to develop serious cardiovascular conditions, such as heart disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and stroke.

For people suffering from chronic sleep deprivation—defined as getting less than seven hours of sleep per night—this research found that catching up on sleep over the weekend reduced the risk of heart disease by 20%. This suggests that even intermittent sleep recovery can have a protective effect on cardiovascular health.

Despite these promising results, experts stress the importance of maintaining a consistent sleep schedule throughout the entire week. Irregular sleep patterns, often referred to as “social jet lag,” can have detrimental effects on heart health, undermining the benefits of weekend sleep recovery. For instance, excessive weekend sleep might not fully mitigate the adverse effects of insufficient sleep during the week.

The research, while compelling, remains in abstract form and has some limitations. It primarily reflects the UK population, and the study’s methodology does not yet account for all potential risk factors for heart disease or variations in individual sleep needs. Further research is needed to determine the optimal amount of daily sleep and whether there are thresholds beyond which additional weekend sleep offers no further benefit.

Dr. Nieca Goldberg, medical director of Atria New York City and a clinical associate professor of medicine at New York University’s Grossman School of Medicine, emphasizes the broader implications of the findings. She points out that chronic sleep deprivation is known to contribute to various cardiovascular issues, including high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, diabetes, and stroke. Therefore, while catching up on sleep can be beneficial, it is crucial to aim for a consistent sleep routine to maximize heart health.

Other experts, like Dr. Nour Makarem from Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health, highlight that maintaining regular sleep patterns every day is likely the best strategy for long-term health. They also suggest discussing sleep issues with healthcare providers to address any underlying problems and ensure the most effective approach to improving sleep and overall cardiovascular health.

In summary, while making up for lost sleep on weekends appears to offer heart health benefits, the ideal approach is to maintain a consistent and adequate sleep schedule throughout the week. Further research will be needed to refine these findings and provide more specific guidelines for optimizing sleep for heart health.

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Jason Momoa and Danielle Brooks Star as New Additions in ‘Minecraft’ Movie Trailer

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Jason Momoa and Danielle Brooks Star as New Additions in 'Minecraft' Movie Trailer

The vibrant, cubic universe of Minecraft is set to leap off the screen with the release of the first teaser trailer for “A Minecraft Movie,” the highly anticipated live-action adaptation of the beloved video game. Starring Jason Momoa, Danielle Brooks, and Jack Black, the film promises to bring the pixelated world of Minecraft to life in an exciting new way.

The teaser introduces Momoa as Garrett “The Garbage Man” Garrison, who, along with Brooks, “Wednesday” star Emma Myers, and Sebastian, finds himself transported into the enchanting realm of Minecraft through a mysterious portal. The trailer showcases their journey through this imaginative landscape, where they encounter various Minecraft creatures like bleating sheep, menacing piglins, and an intriguing character named Steve, played by Jack Black.

In a memorable moment from the trailer, Black’s character declares, “Anything you can dream about here, you can make,” while The Beatles’ “The Magical Mystery Tour” plays in the background. This line underscores the movie’s theme of creativity and exploration in the fantastical world of Minecraft.

The film’s official synopsis reveals that Momoa’s character and his friends face ordinary challenges that become extraordinary once they are thrust into the Overworld, a surreal and cubic wonderland that thrives on imagination. To return home, they must embrace their unique creative abilities, which will ultimately help them in their real-world lives.

Directed by Jared Hess, known for “Napoleon Dynamite” and “Masterminds,” “A Minecraft Movie” marks the first live-action adaptation of the popular video game that originally launched in 2011. The film is a collaborative effort between Warner Bros. Pictures and Legendary Pictures, and is scheduled to hit theaters on April 4, 2025.

 

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Raygun Apologizes to Breakdance Community for Controversial Paris Olympics Performance

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Raygun Controversial Paris Olympics Performance

 Rachael Gunn, known in the breakdancing world as Raygun, has issued a heartfelt apology to the breaking community following the significant backlash from her performance at the 2024 Paris Olympics. The 37-year-old university lecturer and breakdancer garnered international attention for her unique and unconventional routine, but her performance did not resonate with many in the sport, leading to a storm of criticism.

In an interview aired on the Australian current affairs show “The Project,” Gunn expressed her deep regret over the negative impact her Olympic appearance had on the breaking community. Gunn’s performance, which featured distinctive moves like the kangaroo hop, backward rolls, and various contortions while lying or crawling on the floor, did not score a single point in her matches against competitors from the United States, France, and Lithuania. She lost each round 18-0, a result that fueled the controversy surrounding her style and approach.

Gunn’s style was met with confusion and disapproval from many in the breaking community, who felt that her routine diverged significantly from traditional breakdancing elements. Despite qualifying for the Olympics by winning the Oceania championships, Gunn admitted in her interview that she was nervous about competing and anticipated a mixed reception to her performance. “I knew that I was going to get beaten, and I knew that people were not going to understand my style and what I was going to do,” she said. “The odds were against me, that’s for sure.”

The reaction to Gunn’s performance extended beyond the breaking community and captured the attention of the global media. Singer Adele publicly questioned the seriousness of the performance during a concert in Munich, while actress Rachel Dratch parodied Gunn’s routine on “The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon.” Gunn revealed that she had not seen the Fallon sketch but felt conflicted about the attention it brought her. “I don’t know whether to hug (Fallon) or yell at him, because what platform he ended up giving me,” she remarked.

Gunn’s performance, while controversial, was a bold attempt to bring a new perspective to breakdancing, a sport that made its Olympic debut in Paris but will not be featured in the 2028 Los Angeles Games. Gunn’s approach, though not widely accepted, highlights the ongoing debate within the sport about the balance between innovation and tradition.

In light of the backlash, Gunn has decided to take a step back from competitive breakdancing. She expressed a desire to avoid the spotlight and focus on the positive aspects of her experience, including the joy and fun she found in performing. “I would much rather focus on the positives out of this, and the positive responses and the joy that I brought people,” she said. Gunn emphasized that her goal was to have fun and push boundaries, even in the face of defeat.

Rachael Gunn’s apology and decision to step away from competition reflect her acknowledgment of the controversy and her commitment to the sport, despite the challenges she faced. Her story underscores the complexities of introducing innovative approaches to traditional sports and the need for ongoing dialogue within the breaking community about the future direction of the sport.

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Fatman Scoop, Renowned Rapper with Hits for Mariah Carey and Missy Elliott, Dies at 56 After Stage Collapse

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Fatman Scoop

Fatman Scoop, the acclaimed rapper and hype man known for his collaborations with Missy Elliott and Mariah Carey, has passed away at the age of 56 after collapsing onstage during a concert in Hamden, Connecticut. The news was confirmed by his publicist, Chanel Rae, who directed fans to a tribute posted on Fatman Scoop’s official Instagram page. The tribute described him as a “radiant soul” and “beacon of light,” recognizing him not only as a top performer but also as a father, brother, uncle, and friend. Hamden Mayor Lauren Garrett also offered condolences on Facebook, acknowledging the large turnout for what would be Fatman Scoop’s final performance and expressing gratitude to those who provided life-saving assistance. She announced that grief counseling would be available for those affected by the tragedy. Sharron Elkabas, the musician’s representative, expressed shock at his sudden death, noting that he had been in good spirits recently. Details regarding the cause of death have not yet been released. Fatman Scoop gained prominence with his 1999 hit “Be Faithful” and went on to collaborate with notable artists such as Lil Jon, Janet Jackson, Whitney Houston, Pitbull, and Skrillex. His contributions included helping to make Missy Elliott’s 2005 single “Lose Control” a hit and collaborating with Mariah Carey on “It’s Like That,” earning him a Grammy in 2006 for best short form music video

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CDC Urges Check of Fridges Amid Expanding Listeria Outbreak Linked to Recalled Deli Meat

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CDC Urges Check of Fridges Amid Expanding Listeria Outbreak Linked to Recalled Deli Meat

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is warning the public to avoid consuming recalled deli meats amid a significant listeria outbreak, which has become the largest in the US since 2011.

 

In late July, Boar’s Head recalled over 7.2 million pounds of its ready-to-eat liverwurst and other deli meat products due to potential listeria contamination. Recently, the CDC has reported at least a dozen additional listeriosis cases linked to the outbreak.

 

Documents from the US Department of Agriculture reveal that insects and mold were found at the facility connected to the recall. The outbreak has resulted in 57 hospitalizations across 18 states and nine deaths. The CDC notes that this outbreak is now the largest since the 2011 listeria outbreak linked to cantaloupe.

 

The CDC also indicates that the actual number of illnesses might be higher, as some milder cases may not have been tested for listeria. There is also a delay between when an illness occurs and when it is linked to an ongoing investigation.

 

Consumers are advised to check their kitchens for any remaining recalled products, as they can have a long shelf life. Look for “EST. 12612” or “P-12612” inside the USDA mark of inspection on labels. Some products have sell-by dates extending into October 2024. Recalled items include liverwurst, ham, bologna, sausage, and roasted bacon. Most reported illnesses are associated with eating turkey or liverwurst, though some involve ham.

 

Boar’s Head has stated that products currently available at deli counters are not part of the recall.

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Carole King, Elizabeth Warren, and More Rally for Kamala: ‘Single Cat Ladies Unite

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Left-leaning Taylor Swift fans joined artists like Carole King and politicians, including Sen. Elizabeth Warren and Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand, for a Zoom call organized by the group “Swifties for Kamala” to mobilize supporters to vote for Kamala Harris.

Swift herself has no affiliation with the group and was not involved in the call on Tuesday. The group has amassed roughly a quarter of a million followers across multiple social media platforms since President Joe Biden announced he would not seek a second term and endorsed Vice President Harris. To date, “Swifties for Kamala” has raised over $13,000 for the Harris-Walz campaign.

More than 26,000 participants registered for the Tuesday evening call, which also featured remarks by Sen. Ed Markey (D-MA), Rep. Chris Deluzio (D-PA), Rep. Becca Balint (D-VT), and North Carolina Democratic Party chair Anderson Clayton.

Irene Kim, co-founder of “Swifties for Kamala,” had previously hoped that Harris or her running mate, Tim Walz, might join the call, though neither were present.

“Hello Swifties!” Warren, the first speaker of the night, greeted the group as heart, thumbs up, and party emojis flowed through the Zoom stream. “You are resilient, and you know how to take on bullies and be your most authentic, joyful selves,” Warren said. “You come together hand-in-hand, friendship bracelets on your wrist, and you overcome pretty much anything that life throws at you. And that is what the Kamala Harris campaign is all about. It’s about standing up for what is right in the face of bullies, like Donald Trump.”

King sang her favorite Swift song, “Shake It Off,” and encouraged attendees to stand up and use their voices in the lead-up to the election. “I’ve been a political activist for years, I’ve been a volunteer, I’ve been a door knocker, even as a famous person,” King said. “I am a Swiftie, and Taylor and I are actually friends. We’ve had conversations backstage, and I see her as sort of my musical and songwriting granddaughter, and we have a lovely relationship. I’m so excited about Kamala because so many people are excited about Kamala.”

Gillibrand told a few Swiftie jokes (“Karma is a relaxing thought, but for Donald Trump, it’s not” and “Kamala is saying, look what you made me do”) and referenced the now-infamous cat lady remarks made by Trump’s running mate, JD Vance. “I think it’s important that we, as single cat ladies, as independent women, as women who know every lyric that Taylor Swift has ever written, that we are part of this campaign and part of this election,” Gillibrand said. “I think she can be a voice for this generation that is really profound, as someone who values women’s words, who values women, who values our independence.”

Markey spoke about climate change, alluding to Swift’s Rhode Island summer home. “Climate change is threatening our favorite phenomena,” Markey said. “The waters on the shores of Taylor’s holiday house in New England are some of the fastest warming waters in the world, outside of the Arctic. Right now, Kamala is running against the climate-denier-in-chief.”

In the chat, organizers called for action in Swift-appropriate fashion: asking for donations in amounts of $13 or $19.89—numbers significant to the singer—or $47, in reference to the next president.

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“RAMI”: A Celebration of Love by Gianluca Todisco

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In the heart of Rome, where history and culture co-exist elegantly, a small boy by the name of Gianluca Todisco is said to have embarked into the world of art. From the start, Gianluca was enchanted by the expressive ability of art where he explored music, dancing, and creation. This drive, which he has possessed since then, is what has brought him to his latest single ‘RAMI’. It is more than a song, ‘RAMI’ is an ode to love in its glorious perplexing shapes, and it also captures the development of Gianluca’s artistry in a way.

 

History and culture entwined to form a pleasant picture, and in the middle of such a city, there was a small boy Gianluca Todisco who was said to have ventured into the world of art. From the very beginning, however, we see that he owned the expressionist side of the art which engaged him in music, dancing, and creation. This desire which he had from then has taken him to his most recent single ‘RAMI.’ More than a song, ‘RAMI’ is a celebration of love in all its many varied and beautiful forms, and at the same time, it chronicles Gianluca’s growing up as an artist.

 

The Origins of Gianluca’s Devotion to Art

 

It is interesting to note that Gianluca’s immersion into the arts commenced at the mere age of 4 years old. As a child raised in Rome, a city that has a lot of art, it was probably unavoidable that he would find his way into the artistic world. He started with singing and dancing classes, in which he found the joy of performing, as well as expressing feelings through motion and music. These initial events were the dormancy of these contours of creative inclination which made Gianluca delve further into gaining classical piano proficiency. The piano, which had so many variations and emotions, became yet another means of destruction for Gianluca.

 

This exposure to music and stage performance provided a good foundation for what was to be a lifelong commitment to the arts. Upon completing his studies at La Sapienza University Rome in Fashion and Performing Arts, Gianluca was ready to pursue his passion in a more zealot way. It was this yearning for the world of music and honing his career anywhere around the globe that pushed him to first move to the USA, and soon after, to Los Angeles. This, of course, was a turning point in his life as it marked the onset of a journey where he would forge ahead not only as an artist but as a man dedicated wholly to his art.

 

“RAMI”: Odd Love & Development

 

Back in Los Angeles, the capital of the entertainment world, Gianluca gained the opportunity to fashion one of his most intimate and personal pieces, that is, ‘RAMI’. The eponymous word has Italian roots and translates into English as ‘branches’. This refers to the various kinds of love that have defined and fed us over the years. As far as “RAMI” is concerned, Gianluca reminds us that it is love that has many faces: the love, that is found in families, love of friends, love of those who wish to see us grow. Similar to branches thirsting for rain as well as nutrients from the roots of a tree in order to expand and blossom, the deep connections nourished her emotionally.

 

Gianluca’s choice of composing and developing ‘RAMI’ in Italian is his way of paying respect to his roots and culture which has been instrumental in his artistry. The song was introduced in the presence of an audience through a live performance at Griffith Observatory Park in Los Angeles, a place that is famous among the people for its stunning architecture and the sense of wonder and adventure that comes along with the song as it looks into human emotions. It was more than just a show; it was a musical tribute to the emotional aspect of “RAMI” and the audience experienced the beautiful words in every melody and tone of the song.

 

Connecting Art and Life: Gianluca’s Broader Artistic Vision 

What he imagines lucidly inside his mind is not only reflected inside “RAMI” as a single but rather more than that It is obvious that the creativity he expresses is very much biographical. Since its inception, Gianluca has continued addressing different matters and raising the feeling of oriented or self-directed enablement. A piece of work can be for instance demanded to expose one’s emotion, or one could be more intimidating. These themes offer consolation in a pithy sense and thereby help to connect people who want to express their experience through creativity.

 

This desire to connect with his audience is evident in all of Gianluca’s work. Nevertheless, concepts, ‘INDIFFERENTE,’ ‘HOLLYWOOD,’’ ‘PARADISO’, ‘What is Reality’, ‘Brute’ also draw attention, and every single one of these was perfectly consolidated and integrated by means of energetic and elaborate elaboration. But it is not less poignant, perhaps quite equally important, and this dignity expresses itself through movement in high emotional and narrative or lyrical cinematography performed by Gianluca lessons. In this context, he considers solitons of family, depression, frustration, fears, desires, and objectives to be the creative fugues full of melodrama.

 

The Art of Persuading Others

 

Art, as defined by Gianluca, includes pursuing finer challenges that reach beyond oneself. His phrase ‘Feel Free to Be Yourself’ is indeed remarkable because it encourages people to accept themselves in a society where it is common to be judged. Gianluca expresses such sentiments hoping that his work would motivate others to be liberated, not by adherence to set standards but by being true to who they are and finding others like them.

 

This message makes more sense in the context of ‘RAMI’. The song with this title is a love song and tries to make the listener focus on the emotional aspect of being a human being. Gianluca’s piece of art serves as a reminder that even though we all live our lives in distinct ways, we have those threads that connect us to other human beings. ‘RAMI’ presents love to the audience in a form that would make them not only evaluate the circumstances and people surrounding them but make them also actively engage with them.

 

Looking Forward: The Future of Gianluca Todisco’s Artistic Journey

 

Nonetheless, as an artist, he keeps developing new concepts and transcending the limits of his imagination. He is engaged in new works suggesting to further develop the themes surfaced in “RAMI,” however, the focus is on the new sounds and views. In this scenario, he sees improvement in both artistic and personal abilities as yep continues establishing environments that will nourish his art and reach out to many people.

 

Gianluca Todisco’s artistic handiwork in the short film ‘RAMI’ is more of art first than love, he has weaved both love and his artistic work within the short film. Living in Rome during his childhood and now living in Los Angeles Gianluca pursued art as he sought for others to find themselves and realize their inner beauty through artistry. There’s no doubt that in the coming years, Gianluca’s pieces of art, will be devoid of the past features but will center on love, relationships, and self-identity giving the audience a wholesome experience.

 

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Town’s Voluntary Curfew to Combat Mosquito-Borne Virus Sparks Controversy Amid Pandemic Fatigue

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The idea of ending outdoor activities near sunset to prevent mosquito-borne viruses is not new, but this year’s public reaction is.

 

In 2005, 2012, and 2019, towns in Massachusetts and Connecticut requested residents to limit outdoor activities during outbreaks of eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) with minimal attention. However, when Oxford, Massachusetts officials recently proposed a voluntary curfew—advising residents to conclude outdoor activities by 6 p.m. until the end of September, and by 5 p.m. in October until the first hard frost—there was notable pushback. Approximately 200 residents attended a town meeting to discuss the measure.

 

Philip Davis, president of Oxford’s Little League, noted that the level of protest this time was unusual compared to previous EEE outbreaks. “In my family, we were completely done when Covid ended. We were done being locked inside, being scared. Living scared is no way to live,” Davis said.

 

Given the recent memories of the 2019 EEE curfews and the subsequent Covid restrictions, Davis remarked, ‘I think everyone has reached their limit. It’s time to hand the decision-making back to the parents.’

Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) is a viral infection transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes. The virus can reach the brain, leading to swelling and inflammation. Initial symptoms include a sudden headache, high fever, chills, and vomiting, which may progress to disorientation, seizures, and coma. Severe cases are rare.

In the U.S., the CDC reports about 11 human infections annually. This year, there have been four cases identified in Massachusetts, Wisconsin, New Jersey, and Vermont, with New Hampshire recently reporting a death from the virus.

EEE-spreading mosquitoes are most active at dusk and dawn.

Dr. Kristy Murray, a mosquito-borne virus expert at Emory University, noted that the dusk-to-dawn curfew was likely a serious decision by local and state health departments. “The most severe outbreak of EEE in the U.S. occurred in Massachusetts in 1938, resulting in 25 deaths, primarily among children. Public health authorities would certainly want to take preventive measures if the data indicates a concerning trend,” she wrote in an email.

Lori Freeman, CEO of the National Association of County and City Health Officials, explained that such curfews serve multiple purposes: they reduce mosquito exposure during peak activity times, raise public awareness of the threat, and create safer conditions for mosquito control efforts, such as insecticide spraying.

Dr. Catherine Brown, Massachusetts’ state epidemiologist, acknowledged that the recommended curfews are not popular. “It’s an unpopular recommendation, but it’s a crucial component of a comprehensive prevention strategy,” which includes insect repellent, protective clothing, and mosquito spraying, she said.

Brown recognized concerns about the potential negative impact of the curfews on children’s mental and physical health. “Public health encompasses more than just infectious diseases. It’s also about ensuring kids have adequate outdoor playtime and exercise. We understand that balance at the Department of Public Health and do not make these recommendations lightly,” she emphasized.

On August 16, Oxford and three neighboring towns—Douglas, Sutton, and Webster—were classified as at critical risk for EEE after both a person and a horse in the area tested positive for the virus. According to the CDC, EEE is fatal in about one-third of cases and leaves approximately 50% of survivors with long-term neurological issues. There is no specific treatment for the illness.

Oxford Town Manager Jennifer Callahan informed the board of health that the infected individual lived in Oxford, and the person’s family had requested that officials alert the community.

Despite these warnings, opposition grew among some parents and coaches. A Change.org petition protesting the curfew gathered over 880 signatures by Monday. Cambria Macki, an ER nurse and mother of four, expressed her frustration, stating, “My children have already lost so much of their childhood due to Covid. Football and cheerleading offered them a semblance of normalcy. Please don’t close the fields.” She acknowledged the EEE risk but suggested managing it through other measures like spraying and protective clothing.

Recently, Cambria Macki has been engaged in heated debates on social media with her neighbors over whether the greater risk for kids lies in a rare but serious infection or in deteriorating mental and physical health. She pointed to federal data highlighting a rise in youth suicides and shared her observations of teens and preteens waiting in local emergency rooms for inpatient psychiatric care.

Macki noted, “For many of these kids, sports are an essential escape from difficult home lives. They may feel insignificant at home, but on the field, they matter.”

Another commenter argued, “Government overreach in the name of safety has already disrupted our kids’ lives enough.”

Rike Sterrett, Oxford’s director of public health services, acknowledged the deep impact of Covid-19 restrictions on both parents and children and their lasting effects on public health. She emphasized that the town’s curfew is a voluntary recommendation, not a mandate.

Sterrett mentioned that local schools are adhering to the guidance by rescheduling or moving outdoor activities indoors rather than canceling them altogether. Additionally, outside groups can continue to use city fields after hours if they sign a legal form acknowledging the risks and provide proof of adequate insurance.

“There won’t be any evening games under the lights; it’s about adjusting practice schedules,” Sterrett explained.

Reflecting on her experience in Marlborough, Massachusetts, during the 2019 EEE outbreak—a year that saw 12 human cases nationwide—Sterrett observed that while there was some pushback then, it was less pronounced. She acknowledged the desire for people to make the most of the remaining pleasant weather.

The push for restrictions on outdoor activities has, meanwhile, increased public awareness about EEE and the importance of avoiding mosquito bites.

Sterrett expressed optimism about the educational impact of the recommendations, saying, “I’m hopeful that the message is getting out there.”

Philip Davis mentioned ongoing efforts with local officials to seek more flexible recommendations. Parents are advocating for adherence to the state’s broader guideline, which suggests limiting outdoor activities from dusk until dawn—a significant shift from the town’s current curfew.

For example, on Tuesday night, dusk is anticipated around 8 p.m., which is two hours beyond the town’s curfew.

Davis noted that his Little League organization plans to comply with the town’s waiver requirements and has the necessary insurance to use the fields after the curfew. He intends to advise his coaches to conclude practices a half-hour before dusk, allowing players time to collect their equipment and head inside.

“We felt as though this was just the wrong approach,” Davis said, referring to the town’s curfew policy.

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Health & Wellness

FDA Approves Updated COVID-19 Vaccines from Moderna and Pfizer/BioNTech

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With a summer surge of COVID-19 impacting the United States, the FDA has approved updated vaccines from Moderna and Pfizer/BioNTech as of Thursday.

Moderna and Pfizer announced that their updated mRNA vaccines will soon be available at pharmacies and clinics.

Dr. Peter Marks, director of the FDA’s Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, emphasized the importance of vaccination in preventing COVID-19. “These updated vaccines meet the FDA’s high standards for safety, effectiveness, and manufacturing quality,” he stated. “With immunity levels declining from past infections and vaccinations, we strongly recommend that eligible individuals receive the updated COVID-19 vaccine for enhanced protection against currently circulating variants.”

A CVS representative stated that doses of the updated COVID-19 vaccine are expected to begin arriving at its locations within a few days. Amy Thibault from CVS noted, “Once the vaccine supply arrives at our pharmacies, we will accept walk-ins.” Additionally, CVS’s digital scheduler will be updated to reflect available vaccination appointments, allowing customers to check local availability online.

Walgreens customers will be able to schedule appointments for the updated vaccine starting September 6, with availability expected within 24 hours. A Walgreens spokesperson added that walk-ins will also be accommodated as vaccine supplies become available in the coming days.

According to CDC data, SARS-CoV-2 virus levels in wastewater are at “very high” levels nationwide, marking the highest summer peak in the U.S. since July 2022. Wastewater monitoring provides insight into the virus’s spread, especially as testing and other forms of surveillance have decreased.

The CDC reports rising rates of severe disease, including hospitalizations and deaths, though they remain below the peaks seen in previous years.

The current predominant strain in the U.S. is KP.3.1.1, which now accounts for 37% of cases over the past two weeks, a significant increase from a month ago. KP.3.1.1 and KP.2, which is included in the updated mRNA vaccines, are both variants of JN.1. JN.1 will also be targeted by an updated protein-based vaccine from Novavax, with all these strains being versions of the Omicron variant.

In June, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommended that everyone over 6 months old receive both an updated COVID-19 vaccine and a flu shot this year.

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As of Thursday, the FDA has announced that individuals aged 5 and older are eligible for an updated Pfizer or Moderna COVID-19 vaccine, provided it has been at least two months since their last dose.

 

For unvaccinated children aged 6 months to 4 years, the updated Pfizer vaccine is available in a three-dose series, while the updated Moderna vaccine is offered in a two-dose series. Children in this age group who have been previously vaccinated can receive one or two doses of the updated vaccines, based on their prior vaccination history. Additionally, some children aged 6 months to 11 years with weakened immune systems may qualify for extra doses.

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It Ends With Us’ Star Brandon Sklenar Responds to Online Backlash and Criticism

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Us’ Star Brandon Sklenar

It Ends With Us” actor Brandon Sklenar is addressing the online discussions and backlash surrounding the film’s release and promotion.

On Instagram, Sklenar shared a detailed message asserting that author Colleen Hoover, who wrote the bestselling novel the film is based on, and the women in the cast represent “hope, perseverance, and women choosing a better life for themselves.”

He criticized the vilification of the women involved in the film, arguing that it undermines the film’s core message. “Vilifying the women who put so much of their heart and soul into making this film because they believe so strongly in its message seems counterproductive,” Sklenar stated.

Sklenar also addressed reports of creative conflicts on set between Blake Lively, the film’s star and co-executive producer, and co-star/director Justin Baldoni. He emphasized that behind-the-scenes issues should not overshadow the film’s intentions. “It’s been disheartening to see the amount of negativity being projected online,” he wrote.

There has been criticism regarding how Lively and the film’s promotional efforts have addressed domestic violence, a key theme in the movie. Sklenar reassured that everyone involved was aware of the responsibility in portraying this sensitive subject. “There isn’t a single person involved in the making of this film that was not aware of the responsibility we had,” he said.

The film aims to inspire, bring hope, and “spread love and awareness,” according to Sklenar. He urged his followers to focus on the positive aspects of the film rather than spreading negativity online.sony Pictures Entertainment Chair-CEO Tony Vinciquerra defended the film’s promotion, which some critics felt overly emphasized lighter elements, in a statement to The Hollywood Reporter last week.

“So many women put so much effort into this remarkable movie, working selflessly from the start to ensure that such an important subject matter was handled with care,” Vinciquerra said.

“It Ends With Us” centers on Lily Bloom (played by Blake Lively), a flower shop owner who confronts a traumatic childhood marked by abuse. As she falls for Ryle Kincaid (Justin Baldoni), she encounters unsettling patterns reminiscent of her parents’ relationship.

Lively addressed the issue of intimate partner violence in an Instagram Story earlier this month, linking to the National Domestic Violence Hotline and stating, “Intimate partner violence affects all genders, including more than 12 million people every year in the United States. Everyone deserves relationships free from domestic violence.”

Sklenar, meanwhile, has urged his followers to avoid negativity and contribute positively. “Be a part of a new story,” he wrote, “being written for women and all people everywhere.”

 

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