Health & Wellness
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The debate around fluoride in public water supplies has resurfaced after Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. proposed a nationwide ban on fluoridation. Citing concerns about potential neurotoxic effects in children, Kennedy’s proposal comes amidst growing global scrutiny over fluoride exposure. While his stance has raised questions and reignited concerns, most health experts continue to support fluoridated water at current U.S. levels, pointing to decades of evidence demonstrating its role in promoting dental health.
Fluoride, a naturally occurring mineral, has been added to public water systems in the United States since the mid-1940s to reduce tooth decay, especially in communities with limited access to dental care. Currently, the recommended level of fluoride in drinking water stands at 0.7 milligrams per litre, according to the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This level, experts say, balances the dental benefits of fluoride with the risk of side effects like dental fluorosis.
Kennedy’s call for a ban follows Utah’s recent decision to become the first U.S. state to prohibit fluoride in public water supplies. In parallel, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has committed to reviewing new scientific findings related to fluoride safety, signalling potential shifts in future policy.
Though Kennedy cannot enforce a federal ban on fluoride in water, he can influence public health guidelines through agencies like the CDC or push for the EPA to adjust the maximum allowed levels. His position is partly fuelled by recent studies suggesting that high fluoride exposure may be linked to lower IQ levels in children, particularly in non-U.S. countries with elevated fluoride levels.
A recent study published in JAMA Paediatrics found an association between high fluoride levels and diminished IQ scores in children from countries like China and India, where water fluoride levels often exceed international guidelines. However, experts caution against extrapolating those findings to the U.S. context.
Dr. Danelle Fisher, a paediatrician based in California, emphasised the importance of keeping public reaction grounded in facts. “We need to reassure people that the current fluoride levels in U.S. water are safe,” she said. “Children benefit from correctly fluoridated water, especially when combined with fluoridated toothpaste.”
Other experts agree, underscoring the distinction between systemic exposure (like drinking fluoridated water) and localised use (like brushing with fluoride toothpaste). Dr. Inderpal Randhawa, a paediatric pulmonologist, acknowledged potential health concerns tied to long-term fluoride exposure, including effects on the thyroid, bones, and other organs. However, he noted that fluoridation might still be beneficial in areas with limited access to dental services.
Despite these reassurances, the body of research on fluoride is far from conclusive. Critics like Dr. Bruce Lanphear of Simon Fraser University argue that the evidence supporting the safety and effectiveness of fluoridated water isn’t as robust as once believed. Lanphear co-authored an editorial accompanying the JAMA Paediatrics study and advocates for removing fluoride from drinking water, citing possible neurodevelopmental risks and insufficient modern research supporting systemic fluoridation.
He points to a 2024 Cochrane Review that found only modest benefits of water fluoridation on reducing cavities—suggesting a potential reduction of only a few percent. “The evidence about the effectiveness of water fluoridation has never been particularly rigorous,” Lanphear said. “And now we’re seeing potential harms.”
Dental fluorosis—white or brown staining on teeth caused by excessive fluoride—has become more common in U.S. children over recent decades, prompting health agencies to lower the recommended fluoride level in water from 1.2 mg/L to the current 0.7 mg/L. While fluorosis is largely cosmetic, its increasing prevalence has added to concerns about overexposure.
Yet, the potential risks must be weighed against the historical benefits. Before fluoridation became widespread, dental decay was rampant in children, often leading to serious infections and complications. “We’ve seen what happens without fluoride,” Dr. Fisher said. “Dental problems don’t just stop at the mouth. They can affect the whole body and even cause life-threatening infections.”
Dr. Randhawa echoed the need for context, advocating for a more nuanced approach. In areas with high-quality dental infrastructure and regular access to fluoride-based products, water fluoridation might be unnecessary. In underserved communities, however, fluoridated water remains a vital public health tool.
Ultimately, both sides of the fluoride debate agree on one thing: more research is needed. Experts are calling for long-term studies conducted in the U.S. that evaluate fluoride exposure levels and their potential impacts on children’s health—including cognitive development. Dr. Fisher urged for future research that’s specific to American populations and not based solely on international data.
“If we find out that the current fluoride levels are too high or too low, we can make adjustments,” she said. “But right now, the existing levels are considered safe and beneficial.”
As public health officials, researchers, and concerned citizens continue to examine fluoride’s role in water systems, it’s clear that a balanced, science-driven approach is essential. Panic or misinformation, experts warn, could undermine decades of progress in public dental health.
“Fluoride is not something to be feared when used appropriately,” Dr. Fisher concluded. “We need to stay informed, support high-quality research, and do what’s best for our children—both for their teeth and their overall well-being.”
As society increasingly embraces casual drinking — a glass of wine with dinner, cocktails at social events, weekend indulgences — emerging research is casting a long shadow over the health implications of alcohol. While most people are aware that alcohol can harm the liver or heart, fewer know that it might be damaging the brain in subtle and significant ways. A recent study published in Neurology sheds light on how alcohol use, even at moderate levels, may increase the risk of cognitive decline and dementia.
The study, conducted in Brazil, explored the brains of 1,781 deceased individuals as part of a cross-sectional autopsy research initiative. These brains were sourced from the São Paulo Autopsy Service and analyzed through the Biobank for Aging Studies, a project focused on understanding age-related neurological conditions. While the participants were all over the age of 50, the average age hovered around 75. Importantly, none of the individuals had died from trauma, and researchers relied on close family members to provide details about each person’s medical history and drinking habits.
What the researchers found was both revealing and concerning.
Alcohol and the Brain: What the Evidence Shows
The study linked moderate, heavy, and former heavy alcohol consumption to a condition known as hyaline arteriolosclerosis — a narrowing and thickening of the brain’s smallest blood vessels. This condition reduces blood flow and is associated with an increased risk of dementia. Heavy drinkers were found to have a 133% higher risk of developing this vascular abnormality compared to those who never drank. Even more striking, former heavy drinkers — people who had quit drinking up to three months before death — had lower brain mass and worse cognitive performance compared to lifelong abstainers.
These findings point to a troubling reality: the effects of alcohol on the brain can persist long after drinking stops.
The research also found a link between alcohol consumption and neurofibrillary tangles, which are twisted fibres found in brain cells that are commonly associated with Alzheimer’s disease. However, the researchers did not find a direct effect of alcohol on cognitive ability. Instead, they believe the damage alcohol causes to blood vessels indirectly contributes to cognitive problems — essentially creating the conditions that allow dementia to take root.
Not Just Heavy Drinking
Perhaps the most alarming takeaway from this study is that moderate drinking — defined here as up to seven standard drinks per week — was also associated with vascular changes in the brain. For many, this may come as a surprise, especially given how often moderate drinking has been touted for potential cardiovascular benefits.
But Dr. Alberto Justo, one of the study’s lead authors, urges caution. “Our study found that even moderate alcohol consumption may lead to vascular changes in the brain, such as hyaline arteriolosclerosis,” he noted. “This highlights how alcohol, even in moderate amounts, can significantly impact brain health.”
This aligns with evolving perspectives in public health. The CDC has long warned about the dangers of excessive alcohol use, linking it to conditions such as high blood pressure, heart disease, and stroke. Now, dementia may need to be added to that list — especially for older adults.
The Hidden Costs of Alcohol: How Drinking May Be..
Why This Study Matters
While there are limitations to this research — including its reliance on next-of-kin reports and the lack of long-term follow-up data — experts believe the findings are striking. Dr. Haris Kamal, a neurologist not involved in the study, points out that the damage alcohol causes isn’t always immediately apparent. “Such a progressive thickening of the arterial walls and increased deposition of neurofibrillary tangles can lead to cognitive impairment, including dementia,” he explained.
Over time, this damage manifests as memory loss, slowed thinking, difficulty planning, and other symptoms commonly associated with vascular dementia — a form of cognitive decline driven by issues in blood supply to the brain.
These insights could influence how clinicians assess risk in older adults and people with a history of alcohol use. For health professionals conducting motivational interviews or counseling patients about lifestyle choices, this study provides compelling evidence to encourage reduced alcohol consumption or abstinence — especially among those with other risk factors for dementia.
Implications for the Future
Dr. Tony Thrasher, another medical expert weighing in on the study, sees potential in how these findings could shape future public health messaging. He noted that even though some data in the study may be limited due to self-reporting or survival bias, the overall conclusions reinforce what previous research has hinted at: heavy drinkers often die younger, and those who live longer may face lasting consequences to their cognitive health.
The next steps, according to Dr. Justo and his team, should involve cohort studies that track people over time to determine how varying levels and durations of alcohol intake influence brain health. They also recommend that future research consider nutritional factors such as vitamin deficiencies, which may exacerbate alcohol-related brain damage.
A Wake-Up Call
This study is a stark reminder that alcohol’s impacts are not limited to the liver, heart, or social behavior. The brain — perhaps our most vital and vulnerable organ — is also at risk. And that risk may begin at lower levels of alcohol use than many people realize.
The findings highlight a critical opportunity for education and prevention. As Dr. Kamal put it, “Potential clinical implications of this study are the finding that heavy alcohol use or a history of heavy alcohol use can lead to accelerated subcortical disease in the brain, which would manifest as cognitive impairment.”
In a society that often glamorizes drinking culture, this research invites a necessary re-evaluation — one where brain health becomes part of the conversation. As science continues to uncover the true cost of alcohol, we’re all left with a choice: to raise a glass or to reconsider what’s inside it.
Can something as simple as a daily probiotic supplement influence how we feel emotionally? A new clinical trial is shedding light on the increasingly popular idea that our gut health may play a significant role in our mental well-being — even for people who aren’t struggling with a diagnosed mental health condition.
Published in npj Mental Health Research on April 9, this study has captured attention for its intriguing findings: probiotics may help reduce negative moods, even in generally healthy young adults. Researchers found that after just two weeks of probiotic use, participants began to experience emotional improvements — and by the end of four weeks, their negative mood was still on a positive trajectory.
This research builds on the growing interest in the gut-brain axis — the intricate communication system between our digestive tract and our brain. Scientists now believe that this system may influence everything from our mood and stress response to our behavior and cognitive function.
The Science Behind the Mood Shift
Conducted by researchers at the University of Oxford, the study involved 88 healthy participants with an average age of 22. These individuals did not have depression, were not overweight, and avoided excessive alcohol or drug use — which made them ideal candidates for assessing how probiotics affect people without obvious health concerns.
Participants were randomly assigned to receive either a multispecies probiotic supplement or a placebo daily for 28 days. The probiotic blend contained a mix of nine strains, including Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Lactococcus species. The daily dose was delivered in a 2-gram sachet dissolved in lukewarm water.
To measure outcomes, researchers used standard psychological questionnaires assessing anxiety, depression, worry, and general emotional states. Surprisingly, these traditional tools detected only minor differences between the placebo and probiotic groups.
However, where things got interesting was in the daily mood tracking. Participants recorded their emotional state each day — and those taking probiotics began reporting fewer negative emotions around the two-week mark. Meanwhile, the placebo group experienced no significant change.
“This is the first study to monitor daily mood shifts in response to probiotics,” said Dr. Katerina Johnson, lead author and research associate at Oxford. “That approach gave us a much clearer picture of how probiotics can influence emotion over time — something that standard tests may miss.”
Why the Gut Matters for Mental Health
So how does this work? The gut is home to trillions of microbes, collectively known as the gut microbiome. This community plays a key role in digestion, immune function, and — crucially — the production of neurotransmitters. In fact, about 95% of the body’s serotonin, a chemical that regulates mood, is produced in the gut.
Improving gut health through probiotics may help balance these neurotransmitters and reduce stress-related inflammation. Although more research is needed to understand the exact mechanisms, this study reinforces the idea that gut health may be a crucial — and often overlooked — factor in emotional well-being.
Dr. Johnson adds, “Rather than splitting emotional states into neat categories like anxiety or depression, our approach of asking participants how positive or negative they felt gave us a more nuanced understanding of their emotional shifts.”
Interestingly, the probiotics did not seem to enhance positive mood — only reduce negative mood. That suggests these supplements may have a calming effect, rather than boosting overall euphoria or energy.
Who Benefits Most?
The researchers also observed that certain personality traits may make people more responsive to probiotic treatment. Participants who demonstrated higher levels of risk aversion at the start of the study experienced the most pronounced improvements in mood.
This discovery hints at a future where personalized probiotic therapies could be developed based on individual psychological profiles, though much more investigation is needed before that becomes a reality.
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A Helpful Addition — Not a Replacement
Mental health professionals are cautiously optimistic about these findings, while emphasizing that probiotics are not a replacement for therapy or medication, especially for those dealing with clinical depression or anxiety.
“This study shows promise for supporting mental health through the gut,” said Dr. Lisa Durette, chair of psychiatry at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. “But it’s not a substitute for professional treatment when needed.”
Durette notes that many patients don’t respond well to antidepressants or find that these medications dull their emotional range. In contrast, she finds it intriguing that the probiotic users didn’t report this kind of emotional blunting — they simply felt less weighed down by negative feelings.
Likewise, Dr. Christoph Thaiss, a Stanford University researcher not involved in the study, echoed this sentiment. “Probiotics might offer a supportive role in the broader picture of mental health, but they aren’t subject to the same regulatory scrutiny as pharmaceutical drugs,” he said.
That’s why both Durette and Thaiss advocate for a holistic approach to mental wellness — one that combines medical treatment, therapy, diet, lifestyle habits, and, when appropriate, supplementation with probiotics or prebiotics.
Food for Thought: Should You Try Probiotics?
While this study doesn’t suggest that probiotics will work for everyone, it adds to a growing body of evidence that these beneficial bacteria may play a meaningful role in mood regulation — especially in generally healthy people seeking natural mood support.
If you’re considering adding probiotics to your wellness routine, it’s always best to speak with a healthcare provider first. Look for reputable brands that contain well-researched strains, and be patient — as this study shows, results may take a couple of weeks to emerge.
In the meantime, focusing on a gut-friendly lifestyle — including a balanced diet rich in fiber and fermented foods, regular physical activity, stress management, and sufficient sleep — can also contribute to better gut and brain health.
As science continues to explore the intricate ties between the gut and the mind, one thing is becoming increasingly clear: how we nourish our body may also help shape how we feel. And in a world that often feels emotionally overwhelming, that’s a message worth digesting.
Health & Wellness
The Silent Crisis: How Drug-Resistant Infections Are Stealing Millions of Young Lives
A new global study has uncovered a harrowing truth: more than three million children died in 2022 due to infections that could no longer be treated with antibiotics. The majority of these deaths occurred in low-income regions, especially across Africa and Southeast Asia, where limited access to healthcare, clean water, and appropriate medications has made the impact of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) even more severe.
The research, led by Dr. Yanhong Jessika Hu of the Murdoch Children’s Research Institute and Professor Herb Harwell from the Clinton Health Access Initiative, draws on comprehensive data from organisations including the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the World Bank. It reveals not just statistics but a growing global emergency — one where the very tools we’ve relied on to fight disease are losing their power.
What Is Antimicrobial Resistance?
Antimicrobial resistance, often abbreviated as AMR, occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites adapt in ways that render antibiotics and other treatments ineffective. When these microbes mutate, infections that were once easily curable can become life-threatening.
The overuse and misuse of antibiotics — including prescribing them for viral infections like colds and flu, which they can’t treat — is fuelling this problem. Another significant factor is the widespread use of antibiotics in livestock and agriculture, which allows resistant bacteria to spread through the environment, food chain, and ultimately to humans.
In recent years, there has been a notable uptick in the use of powerful antibiotics reserved only for the most severe cases. Between 2019 and 2021, the use of these “watch antibiotics” rose by over 160% in Southeast Asia and by 126% in Africa. Even more concerning, “reserve antibiotics”—often” described as the final line of defence against drug-resistant bacteria — saw a 45% rise in use in Southeast Asia and 125% in Africa during the same time period.
According to the authors, these increases are not just numbers — they reflect dwindling options for treatment. Once resistance to these critical medications sets in, we may be left with no effective tools to combat infections.
Children at the Epicenter
While AMR affects all demographics, the recent report underscores that children are bearing the brunt of this crisis. Young children, particularly those under five, are especially vulnerable to bacterial infections like pneumonia, sepsis, and diarrhoea—illnesses that, under normal circumstances, are treatable with the right antibiotics.
But as bacteria evolve to withstand current drugs, these once-manageable illnesses turn deadly. The study highlights a staggering increase in AMR-related child deaths — a more than tenfold surge in just three years.
The COVID-19 pandemic may have exacerbated the issue. During the crisis, antibiotics were frequently prescribed — often unnecessarily — as a precautionary measure in both hospital and outpatient settings. This global overprescription may have accelerated the development of resistance, especially in areas with less oversight or infrastructure for responsible drug use.
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A Complex Crisis With No Simple Solution
Speaking ahead of his presentation at the upcoming Congress of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases in Vienna, Professor Harwell emphasised the complex nature of the problem.
“Antimicrobial resistance is not confined to hospitals or developing nations. It is an issue that crosses borders and affects every part of human life,” he said. “Antibiotics are everywhere — in our food, our water, our environment. Tackling this crisis will take a coordinated and holistic effort.”
The path forward, while challenging, is not without direction. The most effective defence against AMR is preventing infections in the first place. This means improving vaccination rates, investing in better sanitation infrastructure, promoting hygiene, and educating communities on responsible antibiotic use.
Professor Harwell stressed the importance of ensuring that antibiotics are used only when necessary and with the correct diagnosis and dosage. “It’s not about limiting access — it’s about using these powerful tools wisely to preserve their effectiveness,” he explained.
The Urgent Call to Action
Experts warn that if decisive steps aren’t taken soon, AMR could reverse decades of progress in global health. Dr. Lindsey Edwards, a microbiology lecturer at King’s College London, described the findings as “deeply alarming.”
“This research highlights how antimicrobial resistance is disproportionately affecting children, particularly in parts of the world that already face enormous health challenges,” she said. “Without urgent global action, we risk returning to a time when a simple infection could claim the life of a child.”
Moving Forward
Despite the daunting outlook, solutions are within reach. Increased investment in the development of new antibiotics and alternative treatments is vital. Equally important is building stronger health systems, particularly in vulnerable regions, to ensure timely diagnosis and access to appropriate care. Global cooperation will be key. AMR knows no boundaries — and neither can our response.The loss of three million young lives in one year due to drug-resistant infections is a tragedy that demands immediate and sustained attention. This is not just a medical crisis — it is a moral one. The world cannot afford to wait. The time to act is now.
Eric Dane, best known for his unforgettable roles on Grey’s Anatomy and Euphoria, has opened up about a deeply personal and life-changing diagnosis. The 52-year-old actor has been diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the most common and severe form of motor neurone disease (MND).
Known for portraying Dr. Mark Sloan on Grey’s Anatomy and more recently, the enigmatic Cal Jacobs in HBO’s hit drama Euphoria, Dane revealed his diagnosis in a heartfelt interview with People magazine. Despite the daunting challenges ahead, the actor maintains a sense of gratitude and determination, saying he feels “fortunate” to still be working and is eager to return to the set of Euphoria as filming for season three begins.
“I’m grateful to have my loving family by my side as we navigate this next chapter,” Dane shared. “I feel fortunate that I am able to continue working and am looking forward to returning to set of Euphoria next week.” He also respectfully asked for privacy as he and his family adjust to this new reality.
A Beloved Star with an Iconic Career
Eric Dane’s presence in the world of television spans over two decades. While today’s younger audiences might know him as Cal Jacobs—the conflicted, secret-riddled patriarch in Euphoria—many remember him as the charismatic and charming Dr. Mark “McSteamy” Sloan from Grey’s Anatomy. Dane’s portrayal of Sloan from 2006 left a lasting impression on audiences and became one of the most beloved characters in the medical drama’s history.
His earlier work includes playing Jason Dean in the fantasy series Charmed and taking the helm as Captain Tom Chandler in the action-packed show The Last Ship. On the big screen, he made notable appearances in Marley & Me, Valentine’s Day, and Burlesque, showcasing a versatile acting range.
Off screen, Dane is married to actress and model Rebecca Gayheart. Together, they have two children, and it is clear that family remains the cornerstone of Dane’s strength and resolve as he begins his journey with ALS.
Eric Dane Battles ALS with Strength and Support: A Star’s
Understanding ALS: A Relentless Disease
ALS, often known in the United States as Lou Gehrig’s disease, is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. The condition affects the motor neurons—nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord that control muscle movements—gradually leading to loss of function.
The NHS defines MND as a group of diseases that result in the premature degeneration of motor nerves. ALS is the most common type, affecting nearly 90% of people diagnosed with motor neurone diseases. The early symptoms often include muscle twitching, limb weakness, and slurred speech. As the disease progresses, it can impair a person’s ability to walk, talk, eat, and eventually breathe on their own.
There is currently no known cure for ALS. Life expectancy after diagnosis typically ranges from three to five years, although some people live much longer, as seen in rare cases like physicist Stephen Hawking.
The diagnosis of such a devastating illness often comes with immense emotional, mental, and physical hurdles—not just for the individual, but also for their loved ones. For public figures like Dane, there is an added challenge of dealing with such personal news under the spotlight of fame.
Courage in the Face of Uncertainty
What stands out in Eric Dane’s story is not just his impressive career or his recognition as a household name, but his ability to face a daunting medical condition with grace and hope. His openness about his diagnosis and continued dedication to his craft serves as a reminder that resilience can coexist with vulnerability.
Fans and colleagues alike have responded with an outpouring of love and support across social media platforms. The news has reignited public interest in ALS and the importance of ongoing research, awareness, and support for those affected.
Lighting the Way
Dane’s announcement adds his name to a short list of well-known figures who have courageously shared their ALS diagnosis, helping to shed light on a condition that too often goes unnoticed. While there’s no denying the road ahead will be tough, Dane’s determination to keep working and his gratitude for his family highlight a resilience that mirrors the strength of many living with ALS.
As production kicks off for Euphoria’s much-anticipated third season, viewers can expect to see more of Dane on screen. But perhaps more than ever, fans will now see not just a character—but a fighter, a father, and a man facing one of life’s most difficult challenges with inspiring resolve.
Kenan Thompson has spent the better part of his life bringing joy and laughter to millions. From his early days on All That and Kenan & Kel to becoming Saturday Night Live‘s longest-running cast member, Thompson has earned his place as a comedic icon. But behind the punchlines and sketches lies a more serious side of his life — one he’s opening up about for the first time.
The beloved comedian is now shining a spotlight on a condition that affects millions but is often misunderstood: gastroesophageal reflux disease, more commonly known as GERD.
“GERD is no joke. It’s uncomfortable,” Thompson told Healthline, sharing his personal journey with the chronic digestive disorder.
A Diagnosis Years in the Making
For years, Thompson lived with persistent heartburn and discomfort, symptoms that became increasingly difficult to ignore. In his mid-30s, what began as the occasional night of indigestion evolved into restless nights, vocal strain, and physical fatigue — a tough combination for someone whose job depends on timing, energy, and voice projection.
“I’ve had nights where I couldn’t sleep and then had to perform the next day,” he said. “It messes with your energy and your confidence.”
Even simple tasks like singing during a sketch could lead to hoarseness or a lost voice, something he never expected to happen just from performing. Thompson began to realize there was more at play than just a few bad food choices.
But as many with GERD can relate, it wasn’t easy to connect the dots. He often brushed off flare-ups, attributing them to something spicy or overly acidic he’d eaten — not recognizing the larger pattern until the symptoms became impossible to ignore.
From Pizza to Prescription
Thompson’s diet, like many Americans’, included frequent indulgences in pizza and soda — two known triggers for reflux. Over time, he started to see a direct correlation between what he ate and how he felt.
“I would have flareup moments and not really understand what was necessarily going on or just not putting two and two together that I was doing this to myself,” he admitted.
Eventually, in his early 40s, Thompson was diagnosed with non-erosive GERD, a subtype of the condition that doesn’t damage the esophagus but causes many of the same symptoms as erosive GERD, such as heartburn, chest discomfort, and chronic throat irritation.
After years of relying on over-the-counter remedies that provided only short-term relief, his doctor prescribed Voquezna (vonoprazan) — a newer treatment that finally gave him a handle on the condition.
“It was almost like I couldn’t eat pizza without having a no-sleep night,” Thompson joked. “And you can’t live like that. I’ve got to eat my pizza!”
Now, with his symptoms under control, Thompson feels more empowered to manage his condition without fear of flare-ups. Though he still avoids some trigger foods, he no longer lives in fear of occasional indulgences — thanks to having the right treatment plan and understanding what works for his body.
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A Platform for Awareness
As part of the “GERD IS NO JOKE” campaign, Thompson is using his voice not for punchlines — but for purpose. By sharing his story, he hopes to encourage others who might be silently suffering to seek help, find answers, and make changes that could improve their lives.
“If I can change one life, great. If it’s more based on the following that I have, even better,” he said. “It will definitely help me sleep at night knowing I helped someone else sleep better too.”
And while no skits are confirmed yet, Thompson isn’t ruling out the possibility of bringing GERD to the comedy stage in the future.
“You never know — I might just have to do the Weekend Update version of myself,” he teased.
Food, Lifestyle, and GERD: What Helps?
Managing GERD, experts say, is a personalized process. There’s no universal food plan, but there are some common culprits that can trigger symptoms. According to Anna Beery, a registered dietitian nutritionist at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, acidic foods, carbonated drinks, chocolate, coffee, peppermint, and alcohol are among the most frequent offenders.
She also recommends keeping a food journal to track symptoms and identify personal triggers. Alongside dietary changes, lifestyle adjustments can also make a significant difference — like eating smaller meals more frequently, avoiding lying down shortly after eating, and elevating the head during sleep.
“Better sleep in general may decrease GERD,” Beery explained.
The Mediterranean diet, rich in vegetables, whole grains, fruits, legumes, olive oil, and lean proteins, has also shown promise in managing GERD. Beery adds that maintaining a healthy weight and staying active can reduce symptoms and improve overall digestive health.
Finding Relief and Paying It Forward
For Thompson, the journey from symptom confusion to clarity has been both challenging and enlightening. Through trial, error, and finally a proper diagnosis, he’s found relief — and a mission to help others do the same.
His message is clear: GERD might be common, but it’s not something to brush off. And when someone like Kenan Thompson — a man who makes a living off making us laugh — tells you something’s no joke, it’s worth listening.
Whether through awareness campaigns or maybe even a future SNL skit, Thompson’s candidness is already breaking the silence around GERD — one laugh, and one real talk moment, at a time.
Comedian, satirist, and long-time fitness enthusiast Cyrus Broacha has never been one to shy away from the spotlight—but lately, it’s not his humour that’s making waves. His appearance, particularly his leaner, more muscular frame, has prompted fans and followers to question if he’s gone through a dramatic physical transformation. But Broacha is quick to clarify: “There hasn’t been one.”
“I’ve looked like that for years,” he insists, responding to viral chatter over a recent photo. “Maybe it was photoshopped. I’ve been training for years, and this is how I look.”
In many ways, Broacha is breaking stereotypes—not just about ageing or fitness, but also about what it means to be dedicated to a healthy lifestyle without making it a spectacle. The truth is, he’s always been deeply committed to weight training, going as far as setting up a personal gym during the Covid-19 lockdown. “I got a barbell, a squat rack, a bench, and 340 pounds of weight,” he revealed on his podcast with fitness icon Bani J. “I’ve always loved training. My shape is better, but my size… could be better.”
The Routine: Fast, Lift, Eat
Cyrus’ workout style is unique and rooted in consistency. He prefers “power building”—a hybrid of bodybuilding and powerlifting—which he says keeps things exciting. His sessions are quick and focused, and he doesn’t bother with cardio. “I don’t do cardio. I don’t walk,” he told actor Rohit Roy in another conversation. Despite that, he’s currently down to 84 kg (about 187 pounds), a weight he seems content with.
One key aspect of his fitness routine is fasting. “I fast from 7 pm to 7 am. I work out fasted but eat immediately after,” he said. The first thing to hit his system post-workout? Two protein shakes, followed by eggs. “You can’t go too extreme with diets,” he noted. “I eat well in the first half of the day and avoid carbs.”
He doesn’t count macros religiously but focuses on eating clean, protein-rich meals. This pragmatic approach to fitness—built on habits rather than fads—has been the cornerstone of his regime.
Not a New Passion
For those who’ve followed his career from his MTV days in the ‘90s, the shift in perception can be jarring. Known then for his large frame and boisterous energy, his current look may appear like a transformation—but Cyrus argues it’s simply a case of perspective. “I’ve always worked out. My love for bodybuilding started young—Arnold Schwarzenegger’s books were my bible.”
This isn’t just about appearances for him. “Bodybuilding builds character,” he says. “Within five minutes, you can tell who’s serious. Most guys just do bicep curls and leave. They don’t know how to squat, deadlift, or row. I don’t have many gifts in life, but I know I wouldn’t do something I’m not invested in.”
His current routine, especially post-lockdown, includes body-weight movements and compound lifts. “I train a muscle group once a week now, but I’d prefer to do it twice. I don’t have access to everything, but I make do.”
Cyrus Broacha on Fitness, Diet, and the Myth of His
Discipline, Not Deprivation
Cyrus may have a reputation for being carefree, but he insists that perception doesn’t match reality. “I’m extremely disciplined. I love potato chips—who doesn’t? But I don’t indulge unnecessarily. I don’t even drink.”
He adds that genetics play a role in his appearance. “I’ve got a round face and chubby build, but that’s just me. The heaviest I’ve ever been was 96 kilos, and now I’m 91. Ideally, I’d like to be 93.”
Cardio? No Thanks
Broacha’s controversial fitness take? Cardio is overrated—at least for Indian men. “They’re already skinny with fat in the wrong places. And cardio just eats away the little muscle they do have,” he says, half-joking, half-serious. “Walking is not exercise. You might as well walk your dog—it’s more purposeful.”
While his statements may spark debate, his underlying message is clear: strength training builds real, sustainable fitness. He believes the average gym-goer lacks passion. “Weightlifting demands an attitude like that of a warrior. Most guys come in, go through the motions, and leave.”
Expert Views: Balance Matters
Fitness experts agree that discipline and strength training are critical—but advocate a more balanced approach. Tarundeep Singh Rekhi, a fitness professional, advises combining strength training with HIIT for optimal results. “Tracking your macros, ensuring adequate protein, and including variety is important. It’s not one-size-fits-all.”
Dr. HP Bharathi from Jindal Naturecure Institute adds that food tracking can help avoid overeating and provide insights into eating patterns. “Balanced, thoughtful nutrition combined with discipline is the key.”
The Final Word: Fitness Is Personal
For Cyrus, fitness is more than a phase—it’s a lifelong love affair. He’s aware of public perception, but it doesn’t faze him. “People think I’ve suddenly changed. But I’ve always been like this. Maybe it’s the lighting,” he quips.
Whether it’s lifting weights, sticking to a fasted schedule, or keeping eggs on standby, Broacha embodies a rare, no-nonsense approach to fitness. He’s not trying to be a fitness influencer or sell a transformation story. He’s simply doing what he loves—and maybe, inspiring a few laughs and lifts along the way.
Health & Wellness
A Silent Surge: Invasive Strep Infections Double Across the U.S., Raising Alarm Among Experts
A worrying health trend is quietly unfolding across the United States. According to a new study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), invasive group A streptococcus infections — a severe form of the common strep bacteria — have more than doubled over the past decade. The findings, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, shed light on a once-stable disease that is now rapidly gaining momentum and becoming a serious public health concern.
From Common Germ to Killer Infection
Group A streptococcus is the same bacteria responsible for strep throat — a typically mild illness. But in its invasive form, the pathogen turns deadly, capable of triggering necrotizing fasciitis (flesh-eating disease) and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome, which can lead to multiple organ failure. In these cases, the bacteria penetrate parts of the body normally free from germs, like the bloodstream, lungs, or deep muscle tissue.
“Within 24 to 48 hours, you could have very, very rapid deterioration,” said Dr. Victor Nizet, professor of pediatrics at the University of California, San Diego. “Cases can go from seeming like a routine flu-like illness to rushing the patient to the ICU, fearing for their recovery.”
The numbers are stark. In 2013, the rate of invasive strep was roughly 4 per 100,000 people. By 2022, it had climbed to 8 per 100,000. Across 10 states studied — representing 35 million people — cases jumped from just over 1,000 to nearly 2,800 annually. Over the nine-year span, more than 21,000 cases were recorded, with almost 2,000 deaths. Extrapolated nationwide, experts believe the real death toll could exceed 10,000.
“This data is a red flag,” said Dr. Christopher Gregory, a CDC researcher and one of the study’s authors. “The threat of invasive strep has substantially increased, especially for high-risk populations.”
Who’s at Risk?
The study found that the highest rates of infection occurred in adults over the age of 65, but the trend was upward across all adult age groups. Surprisingly, the data did not reflect a similar rise in children. However, pediatric specialists say that doesn’t match what they’re seeing on the ground.
“That was, to me, the most shocking part of the study,” said Dr. Allison Eckard, division chief for pediatric infectious diseases at the Medical University of South Carolina. “Clinically, we are seeing what feels like an increase — and not just more cases, but more severe ones.”
She pointed to an alarming spike in pediatric cases in late 2022, which prompted a CDC alert. Hospitals reported children presenting with rare and aggressive forms of the infection, including necrotizing fasciitis. These cases were often associated with other respiratory illnesses like influenza, RSV, or COVID-19, which may weaken the immune system and allow invasive strep to take hold.
“We’re seeing more unusual cases, and that raises concern that there is something going on more nationally,” Eckard added.
A Silent Surge: Invasive Strep Infections Double Across
What’s Driving the Surge?
Several factors appear to be fueling this sudden rise. First, underlying health conditions like diabetes and obesity — both of which are on the rise in the U.S.—can compromise the immune system and make people more vulnerable. These conditions also increase the likelihood of skin infections, which can be an entry point for the bacteria.
Another key factor is the increase in infections among people who inject drugs or are experiencing homelessness. In 2022, the rate of invasive strep among the homeless population was a staggering 807 per 100,000 — one of the highest infection rates ever documented globally. Open wounds, limited access to hygiene, and crowded living conditions all contribute to this vulnerability.
Moreover, the bacteria itself is changing. The study found that newer strains of group A strep are more likely to cause skin infections than throat infections and are becoming more genetically diverse. Some of these strains are also showing resistance to commonly used antibiotics like macrolides and clindamycin, which are sometimes used in cases where penicillin — the standard treatment — isn’t suitable.
A Call for Urgent Action
With antibiotic resistance growing and infections surging, experts say the time has come to seriously consider a vaccine for group A strep. However, vaccine development has faced major hurdles.
“The lack of a vaccine is devastating,” said Dr. Nizet. “There’s growing concern about recent shifts in attitudes at the FDA and CDC, which seem to be slowing down progress in vaccine development.”
Accelerated research, broader surveillance, and improved access to care for vulnerable populations are all being called for in response to the study’s findings. Doctors emphasize the importance of recognizing symptoms early. Warning signs of invasive strep include severe pain, fever, swelling, and rapidly worsening flu-like symptoms. If caught early, treatment with antibiotics can be effective — but time is critical.
Public health officials are also encouraging hospitals and clinicians to report cases and track bacterial strains more closely. “This is a critical moment to reassess how we monitor, prevent, and respond to invasive strep,” said Gregory.
As the U.S. healthcare system continues to grapple with the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, the rise in invasive group A strep infection serves as a stark reminder of the need for vigilance. A familiar bacteria has taken a dangerous turn, and experts warn that without targeted intervention, the trend could get worse.
Whether through improved healthcare access, public education, or renewed focus on vaccine development, one thing is clear: the fight against invasive strep can no longer be overlooked.
Health & Wellness
Thriving Through the 50s: The Hunger Games Elizabeth Banks on Health, Hormones, and Hard Truths
Elizabeth Banks, celebrated for her electrifying presence in The Hunger Games and her Emmy-nominated role in 30 Rock, has long captivated audiences with her versatility. But at 51, Banks is channelling her energy into a different kind of spotlight—one that illuminates the importance of health, ageing, and self-care for Gen X women.
In a candid conversation, the actor, director, and producer opened up about how her health priorities shifted after turning 50, especially after an unexpected battle with shingles, and how she now embraces perimenopause and preventive care as key parts of thriving midlife.
A Wake-Up Call: Shingles in Her 40s
Before she hit the milestone of 50, Banks found herself grappling with a health challenge that changed her outlook—shingles. Caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (which also leads to chickenpox), shingles typically causes painful rashes and nerve pain. For Banks, the experience was unnerving.
Initially misdiagnosed—partly because she was considered “too young” to be dealing with shingles—she endured intense symptoms: a rash along one side of her head, a persistent burning sensation, and sleepless nights.
“It was the first time I ever missed work due to a health issue,” she said. “It shook me. I suddenly felt my age for the first time. It shattered my illusion of invincibility.”
She realised stress had played a major role in triggering the virus. “I’ve always thrived on being busy, on juggling a lot. But suddenly, my body couldn’t cope like it used to. I had to learn to slow down and prioritise my well-being.”
The Power of Prevention
Following the scare, Banks became more proactive about her health. The Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) advises people aged 50 and older to get vaccinated against shingles, and she took that recommendation seriously. The vaccine is also available to adults over 19 who are immunocompromised.
Dr. Jen Brull, president of the Board of Directors at the American Academy of Family Physicians, explains: “Vaccination is an essential part of ageing well. It protects us from preventable illnesses and can make a huge difference in long-term health.”
Since her encounter with shingles, Banks has become more consistent with preventive measures, including flu shots and staying updated on other key vaccines. Partnering with Pfizer, she is now using her influence to promote awareness about vaccinations for respiratory illnesses like flu, COVID-19, RSV (respiratory syncytial virus), and pneumococcal pneumonia.
The campaign directs people to [VaxAssist.com](https://www.vaxassist.com) for resources on scheduling vaccinations and learning more about their benefits.
“Taking charge of our health as we age isn’t just important—it’s essential,” said Dr. Brull. “Preventive care, including regular checkups, screenings, and vaccinations, empowers people to detect and manage health issues early.”
She emphasised that even lifestyle elements—such as diet, exercise, and mental wellness—are crucial parts of preventive care.
Thriving Through the 50s: The Hunger Games Elizabeth
Perimenopause: The Taboo That Needs Talking
For Banks, reaching her 50s didn’t just bring the shingles scare—it also meant navigating the hormonal maze of perimenopause. While many shy away from discussing it, Banks is refreshingly open.
“It’s something most women will go through, but very few are prepared for it. The mood swings, the sleep disruptions, the changes in your body—it’s intense,” she shared. “But it’s also a time to reconnect with your body and listen to what it needs.”
Instead of viewing it as a crisis, she sees perimenopause as a transitional phase—a chance to re-evaluate, slow down, and prioritise herself.
A Message to Gen X: Don’t Ignore Your Needs
Banks speaks directly to her peers—Generation X—with a message that’s both personal and universal.
“Our generation is pulled in so many directions. We’re raising kids, manageing careers, and often caring for ageing parents. It’s easy to put our own health last on the list,” she said.
Her advice? Don’t.
“You can’t show up for your family or career if you’re not well yourself. Make the doctor’s appointment. Get the screening. Take the vaccine. Do what you need to do—because your health matters too.”
Living Vibrantly at Every Age
Elizabeth Banks is not just surviving her 50s—she’s thriving. By embracing a proactive approach to health, speaking openly about taboo topics like perimenopause, and advocating for preventive care, she’s redefining what it means to age well.
Her story is a powerful reminder that midlife isn’t a decline—it’s a pivot. With awareness, action, and a bit of vulnerability, it’s possible to feel empowered, energetic, and in control.
“I want people to know this isn’t the end of vitality,” Banks said. “It’s the beginning of something new—and it can be just as fulfilling, if not more.”
High-Intensity Interval Training, better known as HIIT, is quickly becoming one of the most popular and effective ways to get fit—no matter your starting point. Whether you’re an experienced athlete or just starting your fitness journey, HIIT can be tailored to your needs, and the best part? You can do it anywhere, with or without equipment.
Understanding HIIT: The Basics
At its core, HIIT is a workout method that involves alternating between short bursts of intense physical activity and brief recovery periods. These intense efforts—ranging anywhere from 10 to 45 seconds—are followed by lower-intensity movements or complete rest to allow the body to recover before ramping up again. This cycle repeats over a short workout session, making HIIT incredibly time-efficient.
Unlike traditional steady-state cardio, HIIT pushes your body to work harder in less time. A typical session might last 20 to 30 minutes, but the impact on your cardiovascular fitness, endurance, and metabolism can be significant.
Why HIIT Works
The power of HIIT lies in its intensity and structure. During those high-effort bursts, your body works near its maximum capacity—often to the point where you can’t speak more than a word or two. Then, as your breathing steadies during the recovery phase, your body prepares to push hard again.
This alternating pattern triggers what’s known as the “afterburn effect” or Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC). Essentially, your body continues to burn calories long after the workout ends, helping with fat loss and improving metabolic health.
Beyond that, HIIT is adaptable to almost any type of movement. Whether you’re sprinting, doing jump squats, pedaling on a bike, or swinging kettlebells, HIIT can meet you where you are and push you just far enough to see real progress.
The Benefits of HIIT
There’s a lot to love about HIIT—and the benefits go far beyond burning calories:
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Efficiency: HIIT fits into even the busiest schedules. You can get a complete workout in 20-30 minutes.
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Cardiovascular Gains: HIIT has been shown to boost VO2 max, an important measure of heart and lung health.
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Fat Loss & Muscle Tone: The intense effort helps burn fat while preserving muscle mass.
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Metabolic Health: HIIT can reduce blood sugar levels and improve blood pressure.
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Accessibility: You can do it at the gym, at home, or outside. No fancy equipment needed.
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Variety: From walking and cycling to bodyweight circuits and resistance band exercises, the options are endless.
Is HIIT Right for You?
HIIT is an ideal choice if you’re looking for a high-impact workout in a short amount of time. It’s great for people who enjoy structured routines and want to challenge themselves. You don’t need to be super fit to begin—just willing to put in effort relative to your own level.
Even beginners can ease into HIIT by choosing lower-impact movements and extending the recovery periods. The key is to focus on your maximum effort, not someone else’s.
That said, if you have joint issues, chronic pain, or are under a lot of stress, HIIT might not always be the best option. In those cases, low-impact versions (like cycling or swimming) or more moderate forms of exercise might be better choices until you’re ready to ramp up.
What Is the HIIT Exercise Program? A Powerful, Accessible..
Sample HIIT Workouts
Here are a few beginner-friendly ideas to get started:
1. Walking HIIT
Start with a 5-minute warm-up walk. Then alternate 1 minute of brisk walking with 1 minute of slow walking for 10–20 minutes. Cool down for 5 minutes.
2. Jogging/Running HIIT
Warm up by jogging. Then alternate 15 seconds of sprinting with 1–2 minutes of jogging or walking. Repeat for 15–20 minutes, followed by a cool-down walk.
3. Strength Training HIIT
Do 10 reps of lunges, push-ups, and sit-ups. Follow that with 1 minute of jumping jacks or high-knee marches. Repeat the cycle for 15–25 minutes.
4. Cardioresistance HIIT
Alternate between strength and cardio moves:
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Squats
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60 seconds of jumping jacks
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Dumbbell rows
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60 seconds of high-knees
This mix builds both muscle and stamina.
Things to Watch Out For
Despite its benefits, HIIT isn’t something to overdo. Because of the high stress it puts on your body, doing it every day can lead to fatigue, injury, or even hormone imbalances like elevated cortisol. High cortisol over time can mess with sleep, recovery, and metabolism.
To avoid burnout, limit HIIT to two or three times a week. On other days, engage in lower-intensity workouts like walking, yoga, swimming, or strength training. Recovery is just as important as the workout itself.
Also, keep an eye on your form. Pushing hard is great, but not at the expense of proper technique. Good form helps you get better results and reduces injury risk.
Final Thoughts
HIIT is a powerful tool in any fitness toolbox. Its adaptability, efficiency, and wide range of benefits make it a smart choice for people of all fitness levels. The key is customizing it to your needs and balancing it with other forms of movement.
Think of HIIT as a spicy ingredient—it adds intensity and results when used wisely, but too much can overwhelm the dish. With the right mix of rest, variation, and effort, HIIT can help you reach your health and fitness goals faster than you might think.
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